The Worst Experience Of My Learning Life!

I don't know how to begin this post. I have many feelings and I don't know how to convey them. Then, I remember my dear blog. Oh, I can now say anything within me. Now, I'm participating in a training program. Actually, it is not an easy program. It needs great efforts and more concentration. Frankly, I have developed some negative attitudes towards it before even it begins. However, I told myself that the trainer will make it easy and understandable. When we start the program, I liked the trainer's soul and constant encouragement. This meeting was just an introduction to the course and participants. The second meeting was very bad. In the computer lab, we have a datashow and 22 computers. I imagined that he will explain a point step by step, then we try it out. But, all my expectations are gone with the wind.

Oh my God, his sessions are teacher-centered. All the meetings coming are just the same. He pours all the information he has without caring if we understand or not. All what he focuses on is just to finish the required tasks. For homework, we are asked to complete some exercises and send them by e-mail to him. We wait and wait for a long time to get suitable feedback, but in vain. More things happened through these weeks and there are no words to describe them. I don't believe that there are some teachers in the 21st century follow this method.

Me as a student, I'm very intrinsic motivated learner. I'm crazy about learning and searching for every new. I exert great efforts to gain and understand what I learn. I can stay without sleeping for more than two days in order to complete a certain task. I really love learning. It is my life and the air that I breathe. I have got high scores in the exams of this program. But, this trainer killed my enthusiasm and motivation to learn more by his way. This is the first time that I feel a sense of failure. 

In this moment, I remembered my students. I can't stop my tears. Those students come to their schools with a lot of expectations. And then, those teachers who follow the teacher-centered method break all these expectations in a moment. Now, I can feel my students. I'm not like this teacher. I search for any way that engages my students and provide them with many chances to try and explore. I care about their motivation, feelings and dreams.

This is a message to all teachers. Please:

Feel your students.

Put yourself in their place.

Try to draw smiles on their faces while learning.

Dream with them.

Be available when they need you.

For me, I promise to keep every student in my classes motivated and make him or her happy while learning. I will teach them how to be responsible for their learning. I will provide them with a variety of opportunities to be explorers and discoverers. I will exert my utmost to equip myself with all innovative tools, methods and techniques to be ready for any abilities that might come out. I'm lucky to have my brilliant students. All of them have wonderful gifts and talents. It is my job to bring them to life.

One more thing, please give your students time to tell you what they expect from you in order to match their expectations!

Happy Watching!

Further Training ....... But Face To Face

   

Dear my colleagues,

Please congratulate me as I won the E-Teacher scholarship for three weeks from July 23 - August 13, 2011. I'm one of the 26 selected for the E-Teacher Professional Development Workshop at  University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) this summer. You can find my name in the announcement on the E-Teacher website:

http://umbc.uoregon.edu/eteacher/institute.html

What about you?
May be we can meet face to face there.

How to Embed a Glog in your Blog!

As a teacher I can embed the glogs that I ask students to create in our class blog. The way to do this is very easy. After creating your glog by Glogster as I mentioned in the previous post, please follow these steps:

1. Scroll down to the end of the page. You will find the following box with a variety of features.

2. Click "Embed into your page".

3. Highlight the link and copy it.

4. Open your blog and create a new post.
5. Click "Edit HTML" Tab and paste the link you have copied.
6. Click "Compose" Tab to view your glog or complete your post.
7. Once you finish, click "Publish Post".

8. When you view your post, you will find your glog a little bit larger. You can make it smaller .by following the step below.

9. When you paste the link you have copied earlier in the "Edit HTML" window, please notice three things (Scale, Width & Height). You can change these values to make your glog smaller. For example:

Scale: 50
Width: 480

Height: 650

Try these steps. If there is any problem, please let me know!

Let's Try Glogging!

During my wiki project, I wanted to make a poster including the work team photos, goal of the project, the tasks required and and my students' voices. Then, I remembered a tool that I have learned about it in one of EVO2011 courses. This tool is called Glogster. Let's know more about it.

What is a Glogster?

It an online tool that allows you to create digital, interactive posters. These posters incorporate text, audio, graphics and video. Here is the the glog that I have created during my wiki project:

How to use Glogster in the classroom?

Instead of using powerpoint to present your lecture- try using glogster! You can include text and images that relate to the material. You can link to additional web resources. It’s an easy, clean way to present information to students. When you finish lecturing, the glogs can be posted online for the students to refer back to later to study for the test.

Glogs can also be used as part of a webquest activity. Teachers can link to websites that contain valuable information. Videos and graphics can be embedded right into the glog so the information is neatly in one place. These webquests are easy to create and the students will have fun exploring the glog.

Students will also love to create their own glogs! Instead of printing our pictures and messing with scissors and glue, images and video can be added right to their glogs. They can express an event in history, a science concept, characters in a story, or math concepts. The value they will get out of the project will depend on the assignment they are given. Assignment should be structured so that they are providing valuable information, but can also use they creativity and express themselves!

How to Create a Poster on Glogster?

It is so easy to create your first glog. Please follow these instuctions and videos and you can do it in ten minutes:

1. Go to Glogster.com and set up your account. The first screen you will see is your dashboard. Choose the "Create a new Glog" button.
2. Select "Wall" from the magnet toolbar that sits on top of your Glog to the left. This changes the background art on your poster. There are several genres from which to choose, ranging from emo to goth to hippie.
3. Select "Images" from the magnet toolbar. Choose a picture from your computer and upload it. Glogster also allows you to link to online media or using the Grab feature, Glogster will initialize the camera or video equipment on your computer to create new media.
4. Position your photo by dragging it to the desired location within your Glog. A new toolbar will now appear, allowing you to add special effects, frames and experiment with color work.
5. Add graphics to your Glog by selecting the button on the toolbar. Hundreds of themed graphic and animated images are available as stock options in Glogster. Simply drag and drop them where appropriate.
6. Add text by selecting the button on your magnet toolbar. This will open a box allowing you to choose a text frame. Drag and drop it at the location you desire. Select Edit on the new toolbar that is found near the top of the frame. You will now be able to type in your text, change the font style and size, and use other special effects.
7. Add video and sound in the same way as the other features. Select the appropriate feature from the toolbar. Select upload, link or grab. Add special effects.
8. Continue adding images and other effect to create your Glog. Glogster has thousands of examples available from which to draw inspiration. Once you are pleased with your Glog, select the preview button and finally the publish button.

Glogster in 90 seconds

Adding Wall

Adding Text

Adding Graphics

Adding Sounds

Adding Videos

Adding Links

Examples of Educational Glogs:

Here are some glogs created by other teachers. You can use them with your students or consider them as a model for you:

• Teacher's Glog
• Student's Glog
• Class Glogs

By using this tool, I think that teachers can integrate all language skills in a way that make students feel very happy. This tool allows students to play with colors, texts, sounds and videos. Of course, this is what students need. Try it and find the difference.

Resources:

1. http://cnx.org/content/m32202/latest/
2. http://www.slideshare.net/catherinelambert/using-glogster-in-the-classroom-2550646
3. http://www.ehow.com/how_5941261_create-poster-glogster.html

What is after Oregon Experience?

Coming Back With Exciting News

I stopped writing in my blog a long time ago. This doesn’t mean that I forgot all what I have learnt during Oregon Experience. Actually, what delayed me to write is the circumstances of my work. I have moved to a secondary school which is not technologically equipped to a large extent as my old school. You know it takes a lot of time to change people’s minds and beliefs about using technology. However, my brilliant students encouraged me to take risks and try new things with them.

My Wiki Project:

Among the web 2.0 tools that I have tried with my students is WIKIS. I have used www.wikispaces.com. It is a wonderful website through which you can create your own free wikis. It is a little bit flexible. You can change the template of your wiki, add pages, collaborate with more than 100 persons, and more exciting things. You have a space of 2 GB to add pages, images, videos, files, … etc. I think it is a very wonderful environment where students can try out things.

Target Students:

My target sample is 1st-year secondary students. They are between 16-17 years old. They are very good at using computers and the internet. Some of them have created fantastic videos and uploaded them on YouTube.

School Setting & Computer Lab:

As I said before my school is technologically poor. Yes, it has a computer lab with 10 sets, but without an internet connection. However, there is some sort of a hope in the Resources Room. It has a computer with an internet connection and a datashow. I have made use of these tools as possible as I can. Also, I have used my laptop with USB Modem as it is available all the time with me when my students need a help.

Goal of the Project:

The main goal of my project is to invite all tourists from all over the world to come again to Egypt after 25th Jan. revolution. Every student has selected a certain topic to write about in his/her page in the wiki.

Skills Developed in the Project:

1. 4 language skills: reading, writing, speaking & listening.

2. Higher thinking skills: analyzing, evaluating & creating.

3. Searching skills: using Google and YouTube to search for information, images and videos.

4. Communication skills through using chatting and sending e-mails.

5. Collaboration.

Method of Teaching:

It is a self-learning experience. I’m just a guide throughout the two weeks of the project. At the very beginning, I have met them in the Resources Room that is with just one computer and a datashow. I have prepared a PowerPoint presentation including the goal of the project, objectives, tasks required, and the product that is our wiki titled “WELCOME BACK EGYPT”. I have also designed some tools before the project. These tools help students to complete the project and learn according to their pace of learning. Among these tools are needs analysis survey, rubric, wiki guide, example to follow, quizzes, opinions’ sheet and recognition certificate to thank them for their great efforts.

We have used many tools to help each other throughout the project, e.g., face-to-face discussions during school day, chatting and sending e-mails. We have also used mobiles for urgent cases. Students help each other through commenting in the discussion section of their pages in the wiki. They also send e-mails to each other in the wiki itself as one of the Wikispaces’ features.

In short, it is a pure online learning experience in which students have used a lot of technological tools, e.g., wikis, e-mails, websites (Google, YouTube, ... etc), mobiles (either as a communication tool or recording their voices talking about their experiences during the project), and podcasting (It is another web 2.0 tool and I will talk about it in a separate post later).

My Opinion:

It is a really tiring job, but I feel very happy in all the stages of the project. It is enough for me to see how happy my students are while working in their pages. They like the idea of using the internet in their learning. They told all the students in the school about the skills they have gained in this project. Other students asked me to do the same with them. I promised them to create another wiki next year as we are about to finish this school year. You can see my students’ opinions about this project in the section of “Opinions’ Sheet”. This gives me a very strong push towards trying and taking risks.

Now, I will leave you with my students' wiki and wait for your comments! Click the following image to visit our wiki!

Week 10: Dear Passengers, Please Fasten Your Seatbelts

We Are About To …….

I can’t believe that this wonderful journey is about to finish. As Arbi said “All beautiful things have an end.” Unlike all my colleagues, I’m not sad as the course is about to end. Please, don’t think that I’m a little bit tough or without emotions. No, I’m so sensitive. But, the reason behind my happiness is that I have a strong belief and hope of another beginning with another course involving the same smart colleagues. Another reason for my happiness is that we will not stop communicating with each other, sharing our experiences and writing on our blogs, wiki and Nicenet class site. Everything is open. There is no an end. I will not say “Good Bye”, but I will say “Let’s go on”. I think that by the end of such precious course, I will start doing many things that I’ve learned during these precious 10 weeks. Of course, I can’t count all the skills that I’ve developed and the experiences that I’ve acquired. All what I feel about this course is that it makes me open for everything new even if it seems impossible or a little bit imaginary. 

Dear MY Colleagues,

Thank you for every moment I spent with you!
Thank you for every idea I discussed with you!
Thank you for every experience you shared with me!
Thank you for every piece of information I gained from you!
Thank You ….... Thank You ..….. Thank You .….. All of You!

I’m so happy to have all these wonderful and smart colleagues in this short time. I will remember all of you. But, don’t forget me and promise me when I need you, please don’t ignore me. Your support and encouragement throughout this course provided me with a light inside me that can enlighten my new way. Your ideas, thoughts and experiences opened new windows that were closed in front of me. At last, I want to say that you mean a lot for me. 

Dear My Instructor Deborah,

My fingers stop writing as they don’t find words that can describe you. Really, you exceeded all of my expectations. Whenever I needed a hand day or night, I found you beside me. Your way of guiding and orchestrating the symphony of this course surprised me and this makes me hope to be like you. Can you help me to be another Deborah Healey” or it will be just a hope within me?

Dear Staff of Oregon University AEI,

Thanks so much for letting me a part of this course. I want to say that I have benefitted a lot . I have developed many skills that I don’t even expect. My writing skills, higher order thinking skills, communication skills, learning and innovation skills are among what I have touched at the end of this wonderful chance. 

Many topics were discussed and I felt I need them a lot to be a ware of this age needs. Technology that I like was the prominent feature throughout our discussion and tasks. I admired its uses and benefits for me and my students. But, I feel afraid of being tech and forget about myself as a mankind. I promise I will not be like that. I will use it involving my touches as well. 

Week 9: “Well Done”, Your Password Has Been Successfully Entered

Can Technology Be the Password for Addressing All Students’ Learning Styles & Intelligences?

Sometimes you find teachers do many things to make their students understand their subject matters. They sing, dance, play games, solve puzzles, show pictures, bring real materials, ask students to help each other, …etc. They think that by doing this, they use a variety of aids to make their explanation clearer and understandable. They have no any idea about learning styles or multiple intelligences. They just do this unconsciously. So, all what teachers need is a solid theoretical background about these two topics. I think that if they are aware of their students’ learning styles and intelligences, they can modify their methods of teaching in a way that leads to productive and enjoyable learning.

However, if a mismatch between students’ learning styles and teacher’s style occurs, many problems will appear. According to Felder & Henriques (1995: 21), the students tend to be bored and inattentive in class, do poorly on tests, get discouraged about the course, and may conclude that they are no good at the subject of the course and give up. Instructors, confronted by low test grades, unresponsive or hostile classes, poor attendance, and dropouts, may become overly critical of their students (making things even worse) or begin to question their own competence as teachers.

Hence, teachers should know well their students’ learning styles and intelligences from the very beginning. Actually , there are many models that deal with these two terms. One of the most familiar learning styles models is the VAK model. This Visual-Auditory-Kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles model does not overlay Gardner's multiple intelligences; rather the VAK model provides a different perspective for understanding and explaining a person's preferred or dominant learning style, and strengths. Gardner's theory is one way of looking at thinking styles; VAK is another. Visual learning style involves the use of seen or observed things, including pictures, diagrams, demonstrations, displays, handouts, films, flip-chart, etc. Auditory learning style involves the transfer of information through listening: to the spoken word, of self or others, of sounds and noises. Kinesthetic learning involves physical experience - touching, feeling, holding, doing, practical hands-on experiences.

Another theory that deals with diversity among students is the Multiple Intelligences by Gardner. Gardner challenged traditional beliefs in the fields of cognitive science and education. He proposed that every human being possesses eight different intelligences that reflect different ways of interacting with the world. The eight intelligences – Verbal-Linguistic, Logical- Mathematical, Intrapersonal, Visual-Spatial, Musical-Rhythmic, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Interpersonal and naturalist -- are all used by individuals in varying degrees, but one MI is always particularly dominant. Gardner believed that by understanding a student’s strengths and weaknesses in each intelligence, we could help to improve student success. Integrating multiple intelligences into the classroom involves changing our idea about teaching and learning so that we address individual differences, providing a range of activities and experiences to facilitate learning (Fose).

The second step towards a complete understanding of these two models is that teachers should know how to identify their students’ learning styles and intelligences. One way to do this is to use questionnaires. They don’t need to create new ones as there are many of them on the web. Surfing the internet, I’ve found a very fantastic questionnaire that help teachers to discover their students’ learning styles. Students will like it very much as it is colorful and interesting. Here is the link: http://www.brainboxx.co.uk/a3_aspects/pages/VAK_quest.htm. 

Here is another questionnaire for discovering the preferred learning styles: http://www.brainboxx.co.uk/a2_learnstyles/pages/roughandready.htm. I think it is suitable for adults.

 
 

For identifying students’ multiple intelligences, here are two free printable tests,
free Multiple Intelligences test 1, free Multiple Intelligences test 2, .Teachers can print them and ask their students to complete them.

After knowing well and identifying students’ learning styles and intelligences, we need a variety of activities and tools that match each of them. Technology can provide teachers with such different tools. They are available at any time. All what they should do is to select a suitable tool for the suitable student's learning style and MI. Surfing the web and reading my colleagues’ posts, I’ve found some technological tools that match each learning style and MI:

1. For Verbal-Linguistic Learners, we can use online discussion forums, Microsoft PowerPoint presentations, online crossword and word search puzzles, story creation software, podcasting, social networks, word processing, e-mail, multimedia authoring, and videodiscs to create presentations.

2. For Logical-Mathematical Learners, we can use math programs that allow drilling and practicing, database programs that help explore and organize data and information, spreadsheet programs, computer aided design programs, calculation tools, calendars, problem solving software and graphing calculators.

3. For Visual-Spatial Learners, we can use Macromedia Flash or SnapzPro software for creating visually rich media that illustrates a difficult concept, mindmapping software, CAD software for creating 3-D visual designs, Apple software products of iPhoto, iMovie, and QuickTime for assigning photography and video projects, PowerPoint presentations, spread programs which allow students to see charts, maps or diagrams, concept mapping tools, photo sharing, Draw/Paint programs, digital cameras, reading programs with visual clues, and image composing programs.

4. For Musical/Rhythmic Learners, we can use songs, jingles, or rhythmic beats, podcasting, music clips, music composition software, videodisc player, reading programs which relate letter/sound with music, CD-ROMS about music and instruments, and tape recorders.

5. For Bodily/Kinesthetic Learners, we can assign a project where your students build some sort of 3-D object and use a digital camera or camcorder to document its progress as it is being created. The final documentary can be facilitated with the implementation of Apple's iPhoto or iMovie software. We also can use WebQuests, keyboarding/mouse, video production, virtual field trips and animation programs.

6. For Interpersonal Learners, we can use online discussion boards, instant messenger to discuss ideas, social networks, computer games which require two or more persons, and programs that allow to create group presentations.

7. For Intrapersonal Learners, we can use blogs, internet research, developing multimedia portfolio, video editing, and games involving only one person.

8. For Naturalist Learners, we can use a sampling synthesizer asking students to compose a musical composition from sounds recorded from the environment and share as an online digital MP3 file that their classmates can download to their computers or iPods. We can also use digital cameras to document field projects, and microscopes or magnifiers to draw or photograph natural objects.

These suggestions can be helpful for teachers to work with their students putting in mind a variety of learning styles and multiple intelligences. But, I want every teacher not to forget that he/she is the basic element in the learning process. Using these tools are just aids for making the learning experience more enjoyable. The most important job that teachers should do is to help their students know what learning styles and intelligences they have. I think that this is more important than providing activities that suit them.

I want to end my post with Fose's words. He sums up all the main points of addressing a variety of students’ learning styles and multiple intelligences using technology:

In order to help your students reach their full potential, you must be fully aware of your students’ learning styles and the multiple intelligences that they tend to favor; then, you must also be cognizant of your own learning styles and your own tendencies to teach within a multiple intelligence that fits your comfort level. Force yourself to break out of your personal comfort level and strive to address other intelligences in your day-to-day teaching. If you attempt to implement different technological tools and provide your students with opportunities to be assessed in a variety of ways, you will find that they will be more motivated to learn. Remember, each one of your students possesses every single intelligence but the degree to which they use them is as individualized as their fingerprint. One of the best things that you can do to help your students reach their potential is to take the time at the beginning of each semester to reflect on the students in your class. Visualize them as unique individuals, who have fully realized and developed their intelligences, and then plan your lesson plans accordingly!

Resources Used:

• Felder, R. & Henriques, E. (1995). Learning and Teaching Styles in Foreign and Second Language Education. Foreign Language Annals, 28, NO. 1, pp 21-31.
• Fose, L. (Date Unknown). Exploring technology to address student multiple intelligences and learning styles. Available online at: http://www.calpoly.edu/~lfose/articles/Exploring_Technology.pdf.

Week 9: A New Experience Through Writing My Final Project Plan

Although this week seems a little bit quiet, we are asked to accomplish two difficult tasks. These tasks are related to our project plans. The first of them is to use our partners’ comments to improve our draft and then write the final version. To be frank, I’ve spent 3 days working on my plan. Actually, this is not the first time to do a research plan. But, what is new for me is reviewing my work by other peers. I’m lucky to have two wonderful partners “Juliet & Bostan” whose comments are of great value for me. Through this experience, I’ve found that my plan was seen from many perspectives with different eyes. This, of course, improves its quality.

Sometimes, you feel that your work is perfect and needs nothing. This is what happened with me this week. When I finished my plan, I thought that it doesn’t need more work. But, what surprises me after receiving my partners’ comments is that some words may change my way and open other windows that were blocked when working individually. These words were enough for me to rethink of my plan and making it more specific.

One more interesting thing is that my partners provided me not only some criticisms but also some praises that helped me keep polishing my plan to make it more perfect. This reminds me with the “Feedback Sandwich”. 

 

As teachers, we should put three stages in mind when giving feedback to students. First, we should praise their work, then introduce criticism . At the end, we should praise them again to urge them to keep improving their weaknesses. Thanks Juliet and Bostan for your valuable comments.

If you want to view my project plan, you can find it on our wiki page: https://sites.google.com/site/webskillssu2010/final-projectsproject-plans

The second task that is related to my project plan is to fill out a self-evaluation form and send it to Deborah. For me, it is a very difficult task. To evaluate your plan needs to forget that this plan is yours. As you know this is against our human nature. Most of us think highly of the work we are asked to do. However, I’m open for more comments. Now, I’m waiting for my instructor Deborah’s feedback and suggestions and I’m ready to modify my plan again according to them.

At last, I want to send a very Big Thank You to all my colleagues for their wonderful project plans and reports. I think that I have now a variety of technological ideas from which I can select what is suitable for my students and available resources in my school. 

Week 8: How Amazing is Creating My Class Site By Google Sites?

This week is the most tiring in my life mentally and physically. Mentally, as I’m about to get crazy because of Deborah’s magical tools and physically as I suffer from a severe flu. To complete sufferings, I’ve decided to create a class site by Google Sites from scratch. As I always like challenges, I’ve chosen to start my class site form a Blank Template. Of course, this is not an easy job. To have a space and fill it needs more time, efforts and creativity. At first, I’ve faced many problems of how to begin, how to add, how to change, how to delete, …. how …. how … etc. As you know me whenever I start anything new related to technology, I turn to my friend YOUTUBE. It always helps me. I’ve downloaded two wonderful videos that explain how to create a website using Google Sites. Then, I’ve begun my exploration. Here are the videos:

Google Sites: Simple & secure group websites

Make a Web Site using Google's Sites Software 

The most important thing when creating your class site is not how to design it, but for which objective you design it. Knowing why creating this site is more important than knowing how. To have a tour in my site, please visit the following link: https://sites.google.com/site/missazharclassroom/. Here is the home page:

 I’ve tried other options for creating sites like Nicenet and Blogger. Both of them are very wonderful. Their utility is very obvious in our course. Also, I intend to use blogs with students to improve their writing and HOT skills. After exploring Google Sites, I’ve decided to use it to discuss what students have written in their blogs. I will make it a resource for both of us. I’m going to upload songs, videos, reading materials, puzzles, exercises, ..etc. I mean to be as a club for teaching English. Whenever students need something, they can find it there.

I think that students will like it as they have a role in building it. They can write, edit, comment, read, analyze, evaluate and create their own products. They can also add, upload, or delete files. I think they share me the same responsibility and of course this will lead to autonomy.

 

Week 8: My Project Plan ……. How to Identify My students’ Needs?

As I’m on holiday these days, I’ve prepared a project plan. This plan is not a result of one or two days, but the whole course. In Week 2, I described my students, setting of classroom and technology tools available. In Week 4, I described some issues that technology might help with. In week 5, I described a technology-inspired change that can be a solution for the issue I’ve selected. This issue was related to the difficulties that my students face when writing. Through reading a lot about web 2.0 tools that provide many opportunities for students to be heard all over the world, I found blogs as a very good tool that can improve my students’ writing skills, change their negative attitudes towards the writing experience and develop their HOT skills. In weeks 6 & 7, we were asked to find a partner for peer review. Fortunately, I found two wonderful partners (Bostan & Juliet) with the same interest.

In this week, we are asked to write our first draft of project plan or report. Frankly, I've spent more time to accomplish this task. The planning process is not an easy job. It needs careful thinking of every step expected to be applied. One of the questions that took a lot of time was “How to identify students’ needs”. To answer this question, I surfed the internet to know more about it. Let’s share these information with me.

What is needs analysis?

Needs analysis includes all the activities used to collect information about your students' learning needs, wants, wishes, desires, etc… The process also sometimes involves looking at the expectations and requirements of other interested parties such as the teacher/teacher's aid/ tutor (you), administrators, financial supporters, and other people who may be impacted by the program (such as students' family members ). A needs analysis can be very formal, extensive and time consuming, or it can be informal, narrowly focused and quick.

Why Needs Analysis?

The information gleaned from a needs analysis can be used to help you define program goals. These goals can then be stated as specific teaching objectives, which in turn will function as the foundation on which to develop lesson plans, materials, tests, assignments and activities. Basically, a needs analysis will help you to clarify the purposes of your language program.

Steps of Needs Analysis?

The needs analysis task includes three steps:

1) Design:
 
When designing the needs analysis, the aim is to:

• Assess the current situation
•  Define the problem - what gaps exist?
• Determine if there is a need for training/learning
• Determine what is driving this need for training/learning
• Evaluate existing training
• Assess the possible learning solutions
• Ascertain information about logistical considerations/constraints

2) Conduct:
 
The following methods, or a combination of these methods, can be used:

• Interviews
• Questionnaires
• Follow-up surveys from previous students
• Observation
• Action Research

3) Analyze:

 
Gather the information and sort it into categories that help you identify themes/topics that need to be addressed.

• What topics/issues can be prioritised?
• Which, if any, elements are common to all responses?
• Are there any inconsistencies in the responses?

How to identify my students’ needs?

After getting an idea about needs analysis and the methods of measuring students’ needs, I’ve selected the questionnaire method. Actually, I’ve remembered the questionnaire that Deborah asked us to complete at the beginning of this course. I liked it very much as it helps me to know what I have and what I haven’t.

Then, Which Tool can do this task?

I’ve used a free website that is specialized in creating e-surveys: http://www.monkeysurveys.com. Reading two wonderful manuals: Smart Survey Design and SurveyMonkey User Manual, I’ve managed to create my own needs analysis survey. Its title is “Your Way To Write Using Technology”. Here is the link: http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/VGZ995D. Here are some of its pages:

Personal Information

 

Basic Internet Skills

Creating & Using Blogs
 

 
Resources Used:

1. Casper, A. (2003). Needs Analysis. Available online at: http://linguistics.byu.edu/resources/volunteers/TESOLBYU_NeedsAnalysis.htm

2. Monkeysurvey (1999/2010). Smart Survey Design. Available online at: http://s3.amazonaws.com/SurveyMonkeyFiles/SmartSurvey.pdf

3. MonkeySurvey (1999/2010). MonkeySurvey User Manual. Available online at: http://s3.amazonaws.com/SurveyMonkeyFiles/UserManual.pdf

4. Wynne, R. Learning Needs Analysis. Available online at: http://www.assetproject.info/learner_methodologies/before/learning_analysis.htm

Week 8: Hot Potatoes!

The most wonderful tool that I've used during this week is the "Hot Potatoes Program". Its name attracts me as I fond of potatoes, but when I tried it out, my fondness increases more and more. Surfing the web, I’ve found many manuals and ideas of using it efficiently in the classroom. I just want to share these ideas with you. Here is a detailed description of Hot Potatoes Program:

What is “Hot Potatoes”?

This is a popular set of educational software tools which have been developed by the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre. The purpose of the Hot Potatoes is to enable you to create interactive Web-based teaching exercises which can be delivered to any Internet-connected computer equipped with a browser. The exercises use HTML and JavaScript to implement their interactivity, but you do NOT need to know anything about these languages in order to use the programs. All you need to do is to enter the data for your exercises (questions, answers, responses etc.), and press a button. The program will create the Web pages for you, and you can then upload them to your server.

What are the Applications of “Hot Potatoes”?

It includes six applications enabling you to create interactive multiple-choice, short-answer, jumbled-sentence, crossword, matching/ordering and fill-in the gap exercises. Here is a detailed description of these applications:

1. JQuiz:
It creates question-based quizzes. Questions can be of four different types, including multiple-choice and short-answer. Specific feedback can be provided both for right answers and predicted wrong answers or distractors. In short-answer questions, the student's guess is intelligently parsed and helpful feedback to show what part of a guess is right and what part is wrong. The student can ask for a hint in the form of a "free letter" from the answer.

2. JCloze:

It is used to create gap-filled exercises (or ‘Fill in the gaps’). The users can enter their answers into the gaps, and click on the Check button to check their answers. All the answers are checked at the same time, which could be undesirable in certain cases. (Use JQuiz for such cases.). The designer can customize this exercise in various ways. Each gap can be assigned multiple correct answers. Hints may be assigned for each gap, which either gives clues, or displays the letter after every click..

3. JCross:

It creates crossword puzzles which can be completed online. You can use a grid of virtually any size. As in JQuiz and JCloze, a hint button allows the student to request a free letter if help is needed.

4. JMix:

It creates jumbled-sentence exercises. You can specify as many different correct answers as you want, based on the words and punctuation in the base sentence, and a hint button prompts the student with the next correct word or segment of the sentence if needed.

5. JMatch:
It is used to create ordering or matching exercises. The ordered/matched objects may be either text or images or a combination. This application can produce either listing exercises, for example placing frequency adverbs in order, or matching exercises, such as linking countries and nationalities. You can specify as many different correct answers as you want, based on the words and punctuation in the base sentence, and a hint button prompts the student with the next correct word or segment of the sentence if needed.

6. The Masher:

In addition, there is a sixth application called the Masher. This is designed to create complete units of material in one simple operation. If you are creating sequences of exercises and other pages that should form a unit, you may find the Masher useful. The Masher can also be used to upload Web pages not created with Hot Potatoes to the www.hotpotatoes.net server.

How do these applications work?

There are three stages in creating exercises with these applications:

1. Enter your data:
You type in the questions, answers, feedback etc. which forms the basis of the exercise.

2. Adjust the configuration:
The "configuration" is a set of information used to compile the Web pages. It includes instructions for the student, captions for navigation buttons, and other information which is not likely to change much between exercises.

3. Create your Web pages:
This is simply a matter of pressing the "Export to Web" button on the toolbar, choosing a file name, and letting the program do the rest.

Strongest Advantage of Hot Potatoes:

The developers have consciously avoided the ‘one-click right or wrong’ feedback system, strongly criticized about most other systems. Progressive feedback is given to the student either as hints or allowing checking of their answers in phases. This allows the student to be involved in a more cognitive process and to figure out the correct answer in a constructive manner.

The Main Pitfalls of Hot Potatoes:

a. Tendency of the learners to operate a binary correction strategy (If X is wrong, then Y must be the answer).
b. Any reasonably computer literate student can easily gain access to the HTML source code and hence the answers.
c. This could only be used as a self-learning or a self-assessment tool, but does not have merit as a testing tool.

Ready-made Hot Potatoes Exercises:

Surfing the internet, I’ve found a very fantastic website that includes hundreds of exercises using Hot Potatoes program. If you have no time to create your own, you can use them. Here is the link: http://iteslj.org/links/ESL/Quizzes/Hot_Potatoes/.

Resources Used:

For more information and manuals for using Hot Potatoes, you can visit the following links:

- http://ited.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/ITinEd304/Hot%20Potatoes_rev_.pdf
- http://gregling.net/articles/hot_potatoes.pdf
- http://hotpot.uvic.ca/hotpot6_help.pdf
- http://umbc.uoregon.edu/eteacher/webskills/material/hotpotatoes6-howto.pdf
- http://www.ictcentre.wikispaces.net/file/view/Hot+Potatoes.pdf
- http://files.comeniuseb23sa.webnode.com/200000036-2fad330a73/WorkshopHotPotFx1GUIAO.pdf

Week 8: Online Tools Make a Revolution in my Classrooms!

Week 8 was the most exciting and valuable for me. We were introduced to many online tools by which I can create my own world. I spent more time and effort exploring these tools, trying them out, and creating some resources that can make a revolution in my classrooms. I think that my students are lucky to have such array of exercises. They can use them anytime and anywhere according to their pace of learning. They can also create their own exercises so that they can be more autonomous and creative. 

Through exploring these tools, I’ve found myself more able to manage everything in my job of teaching. I can provide students with all circumstances that lead to more enjoyable learning. I can create a new environment in which I and my students enjoy practicing our new roles as autonomous learners. 

During this week, I’ve created a collection of exercises using some of the tools provided by Deborah. You can share this collection with me on our wiki page: https://sites.google.com/site/webskillssu2010/hot-potatoes-and-other-exercises. Among tools I’ve used during this week are: Word Search Maker http://www.toolsforeducators.com/wordsearch/, Xword Puzzle Generator http://www.edict.com.hk/xword/generator/, Easy Test Maker http://www.easytestmaker.com/default.aspx, Certificate Maker http://www.printwithmypic.com/certificates/ and Hot Potatoes Program. I liked Hot Potatoes program very much as it includes many potentials in one place. 

All these tools will not just make a change but a revolution in my classrooms. I think, they will save my time and effort to accomplish all the loads of teaching. Also, they will add some pleasure and creativity inside students while learning. They worth a try. Even I have some problems in using them at the beginning, step by step I will be an expert teacher. To create materials that are available anytime and anywhere for me, other teachers and students is a very great victory. 

Thanks so much my dear instructor Deborah for providing me with such precious tools that can help me to be a creative teacher.